Marcus Peter John Chandler

abrdn Investments Ltd. (aIL) is an asset management firm headquartered in Midlothian, UK. The firm was founded in 1987 and formerly known as Aberdeen Asset Managers Ltd. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of abrdn Holdings Ltd., wholly-owned by abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN). aIL provides their clients with discretionary and non-discretionary asset management and related services across a broad range of investment strategies and asset classes. They also offer an alternative platform which encompasses multi-manager research, selection and portfolio management for hedge funds strategies.

Artemis Investment Management LLP (AIM) is a Great Britain-based investment management firm headquartered in London with an additional office in Edinburgh. The firm was founded in 1997 and is a subsidiary of Artemis Strategic Asset Management Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Affiliated Managers Group, Inc. (NYSE: AMG) in the US. AIM manages a range of funds, investment trusts, hedge fund products, venture capital trusts, and pooled and segregated institutional portfolios for both retail and institutional investors.

Threadneedle Asset Management Ltd. (Threadneedle AM) is the wholly-owned global asset management subsidiary of TC Financing Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1994 and manages assets for a range of clients which includes pension schemes, insurance companies, private investors and corporations. Threadneedle AM is a socially responsible investor which believes they have a responsibility to, and will benefit from, exercising environmental and social stewardship throughout their firm.

abrdn Investment Management Ltd. (AIM) is the wholly-owned investment management subsidiary of Standard Life Investments Holdings Ltd., itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN) in Great Britain. Formerly known as Standard Life Investments Ltd., the firm was founded in 1990 as the dedicated investment arm of the Standard Life group. Headquartered in Edinburgh, AIM is a socially responsible investor which offers Standard Life Ethical Funds for investors concerned about environmental and social issues. Their flagship is the UK Select Fund.

Schroder Investment Management Ltd. (SIM) is the wholly-owned asset management subsidiary of Schroder International Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by Great Britain-based Schroders Plc (LSE: SDR, ADR: SHNWY). Established in 1985, SIM is headquartered in London and caters to a range of clients such as corporations, insurance firms, local and public authorities, charities, pension funds, high net-worth individuals and retail investors.

Santander Asset Management UK Ltd. (SAM-UK) is an asset manager headquartered in Glasgow, UK. The firm was founded in 1987 and formerly known as Scottish Mutual Portfolio Managers Ltd. and Abbey National Asset Managers Ltd. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of SAM Investment Holdings SL, owned by Banco Santander SA (NYSE, BME: SAN) in Spain. SAM-UK manages funds on behalf of other Santander group entities as well as retail investors. The firm also manages a small number of segregated corporate portfolios.

Blackfriars Asset Management Ltd. (Blackfriars) is the Great Britain-based, wholly-owned asset management subsidiary of The Hamon Investment Group Pte Ltd. in Hong Kong. Located in London, the firm was established in 1998 as part of WestAM. In 2006, BNY Mellon acquired 50% of WestAM to form WestLB Mellon Asset Management UK Ltd. Blackfriars is a specialist investment boutique. Their clients include savings banks, commercial banks, corporations, foundations, endowments, governments, central banks, insurance companies, mutual funds and pension funds. The firm manages segregated accounts and mutual funds including the Luxembourg-registered Compass umbrella fund.

Ignis Investment Services Ltd. (IIS) is the asset management subsidiary of Ignis Asset Management Ltd., ultimately held by abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN, ADR: SLFPY) in Great Britain. Headquartered in Edinburgh, the firm was formed following the 2008 merger of Resolution Asset Management and Axial Investment Management. They can trace their origins since 1986. IIS offered tailor-made and pooled solutions for small- to medium-sized pension schemes. Their clients include large corporate pension schemes, charities and life companies along with other strategic partners. They cater to UK retail, institutional and international clients.

Part of Aegon NV, Aegon Asset Management UK Holdings Ltd. is an investment holding company. The company is based in Lothian, UK and was founded in 2009.

Baring Asset Management Ltd. (Barings UK) is the Great Britain-based subsidiary of Barings Europe Ltd., ultimately held by Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co. in the US. Barings traces its origins to 1762 when it was founded in London as a firm of merchants and merchant bankers. They were an asset management pioneer in the UK and set up an Investment Department in 1955. In 1989, all of Barings' asset management activities were consolidated within Baring Asset Management. Headquartered in London, the firm manages assets on behalf of pension funds, pooled vehicles, governments, charities and high-net worth individuals. Barings UK offers a wide range of equity and fixed-income mutual funds in both domestic and international markets. They are a socially responsible investor which takes environmental and socially responsible investment issues into account and seek guidance from clients.

JPMorgan Asset Management (UK) Ltd. (JPMAM-UK) is the wholly owned, Great Britain-based investment arm of JPMorgan Asset Management International Ltd., ultimately held by JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM) in the US. The firm was founded in 1974 and formerly known as JPMorgan Fleming Asset Management. They changed their name to JPMorgan Asset Management UK Ltd. in 2005. Headquartered in London, JPAM-UK provides investment advisory services to institutional clients, both US and non-US.

Sanlam Investments UK Ltd. (Sanlam UK) is the Great Britain-based specialist equity investment management subsidiary of Sanlam Investment Holdings UK Ltd., ultimately owned by Sanlam Ltd. (JSE: SLM) in South Africa. The firm was founded in 2006 by Derrick Dunne, Ted Williams, Chris Rodgers and Tom Carroll. Headquartered in London, Sanlam UK manages a number of pooled funds and segregated accounts for institutional and retail clients.

Waverton Investment Management (Waverton) is the Great Britain-based investment management subsidiary of Waverton Investment Management Group Ltd., ultimately held by Somers Ltd. (BH: SOMS) in Bermuda. The firm was founded by Richard Hambro in 1986 as J.O. Hambro Investment Management Ltd. They changed their name to Waverton Investment Management Ltd. in 2014. Headquartered in London, Waverton provides discretionary investment management services to private clients such as individuals, charities, trusts and collective investment schemes (funds).

State Street Global Advisors Ltd. (SSGAL) is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. Founded in 1990, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of State Street Global Advisors International Holdings Inc., ultimately held by State Street Corp. (NYSE: STT) in the US. SSGAL offers a variety of asset management solutions to pension funds, investment management companies, insurance companies, central banks, and family offices.

Hargreaves Lansdown Fund Managers Ltd. (HL Fund Managers) is the fund management subsidiary of Hargreaves Lansdown Plc (LON: HL, ADR: HRGLY) in Great Britain. Headquartered in Bristol, HL Fund Managers was founded in 1992 to offer a managed portfolio of investment trusts for private investors.

Threadneedle Investment Services Ltd. is an asset management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1994 and is a subsidiary of Threadneedle Asset Management Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. Threadneedle Investment Services provides asset management services to pension schemes, insurance companies, private investors, corporations, mutual funds and affiliate companies.

Columbia Threadneedle Netherlands BV (CT Netherlands) is the wholly owned, Netherlands-based investment management subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Group (Holdings) Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. The firm was formerly known as F&C Netherlands BV and became BMO Asset Management Netherlands BV in 2018. They were renamed Columbia Threadneedle Netherlands BV when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. Headquartered in Amsterdam, CT Netherland manages fixed-income assets, credit, convertible stocks and real estate for Dutch institutional investors such as pension funds and insurance companies.

Invesco Canada Ltd. is a Canadian mutual fund manager headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. The firm was founded in 1981 and formerly known as Invesco Trimark Ltd. and as AIM Funds Management, Inc. They are a subsidiary of Invesco Ltd. (NYSE: IVZ) in the US. Invesco Canada primarily provides investment advice to the Canadian Funds. In addition, the firm provides investment advice to investment companies, charitable organizations, pension plans, endowments, charities and corporations, banks, pooled investment vehicles, provincial or municipal government entities and insurance companies.

Part of Ameriprise Financial, Inc., Threadneedle Pensions Ltd. provides life insurance and fund management services. The company is based in London, UK.

Thames River Capital LLP (TRC) is a specialist fund management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1998 and is a subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Capital (UK) Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. TRC provides specialist fund management services to professional investors and institutions in the UK and worldwide, through several single and multi-manager funds.

Columbia Threadneedle Multi-Manager LLP (CTMM) is a Great Britain-based investment management firm headquartered in London. The firm was founded in 2007 as Thames River Multi-Capital LLP and became BMO AM Multi-Manager LLP in 2018. They changed their name to Columbia Threadneedle Multi-Manager LLP when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. The firm is a subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle AM (Holdings) Plc, ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. CTMM provides specialist fund management services to professional investors and institutions in the UK and worldwide.

Algonquin Capital Corp. provides investment advice. The private company is based in Toronto, Canada. and has subsidiaries in Canada. The Canadian company was founded in 2013 by Greg Jeffs, Brain Clifford Dcosta.

Liontrust Investment Partners LLP (Liontrust IP) is the fund management subsidiary of Liontrust Investment Services Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Liontrust Asset Management Plc (LON: LIO) in Great Britain. The firm is headquartered in London and was founded in 2010. Liontrust IP offers investment management and advisory services to professional investors. They also serve as an investment adviser to the Liontrust range of funds.

Goodhart Partners LLP (Goodhart) is an independent, multi-boutique asset manager headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2009 through the management buyout of WestLB Mellon's multi-manager team. Goodhart primarily offers fundamental, research driven, discretionary investment advisory services to professional and institutional investors through a range of pooled collective investment vehicles and to separately managed accounts.

Cameron Hume Ltd. is an independent investment management firm headquartered in Edinburgh, UK. The firm was founded by Guy B. Cameron in 2011. They provide fixed income management services to large and sophisticated institutional clients, pension funds and insurers.

Hargreaves Lansdown Asset Management Ltd. (HLAM) is an asset management firm headquartered in Bristol, UK. The firm was founded in 1985 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hargreaves Lansdown plc (LSE: HL; ADR: HRGLY), a financial services provider in Great Britain. HLAM offers unit trust and equity broking, investment fund management, and life and pensions consultancy to private investors.

RAM Active Investments SA (RAM) is the Swiss asset management subsidiary of Mediobanca SpA (BIT: MB; ADR: MDIBY) in Italy. The firm was founded as Reyl Asset Management SA in 2007 to take over the asset management activities of Bank Reyl & Cie. They changed their name to RAM Active Investments SA in 2013. Headquartered in Geneva, RAM manages the RAM Fund range of equity (directional and non-correlated), bond and alternative (multi-strategy and single strategy) funds for institutional clients.

Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC (dba GMO) is a privately-held, registered global investment management firm headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. GMO was founded was founded in 1977 and provides investment advice to a wide variety of clients.

Hardman Research Ltd. provides investment research. The private company is based in London, UK. and has subsidiaries in United Kingdom. The British company was founded in 2012 by Roger Hardman. Keith J. Hiscock has been the CEO of the company since 2012.

Columbia Management Investment Advisers LLC (CMIA) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP). The firm was formed in 2010 due to Ameriprise Financial Services' (AFS) acquisition of the long-term asset management business of Columbia Management Group (CMG) from Bank of America. AFS merged CMG's long-term asset management business with their subsidiary, RiverSource Investments LLC, under the name Columbia Management Investment Advisors. CMIA offers equity and fixed-income retail and institutional investment products for various types of clients.

Credit Suisse (UK) Ltd. (Credit Suisse-UK) is the Great Britain-based private banking subsidiary of Credit Suisse AG, itself a subsidiary of Credit Suisse Group AG (SWX: CSGN; NYSE: CS) in Switzerland. Headquartered in London, Credit Suisse-UK was founded in 1986 and provides a broad range of private banking solutions and customized financial strategies for private clients.

Part of Itaú Unibanco Holding SA, Itaú Unibanco Asset Management Ltda. is a financial services company based in São Paulo, Brazil. Itaú Unibanco Asset Management Ltda. provides various financial services, as described in their website. The Brazilian company was founded in 2021 and Carlos Augusto Salamonde has been the CEO of the company since 2021.

Brown, Shipley & Co. Ltd. (Brown Shipley) is the Great Britain-based private banking subsidiary of Quintet Private Bank (Europe) SA, itself a subsidiary of Precision Capital SA in Luxembourg. The firm was founded by William Brown in 1810. Headquartered in London, Brown Shipley manages a range of collective investments known as SVS Brown Shipley Funds for private, institutional and corporate clients.